Executes a stored procedure and returns the query result.
procedureName - The name of the stored procedure
procedure parameters - If you need to add parameters, you can use this json object to set them
queryOptions - (optional) a json object with options for the request
timeout - (optional) timeout for the request. Default is 30 seconds
connectionKey - (optional) a key to a custom settings entry with the connection string to an external MSSQL database
1. Simple (pay attention to the await keyword)
2. With parameters (pay attention to the await keyword)
3. Short version (pay attention to the await keyword)
4. Using a timeout